#include <ElectronMix.hpp>

Inheritance diagram for ElectronMix:

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Public Member Functions
double	defaultTemperature () const

bool	hasPolarizedScattering () const override

bool	hasScatteringDispersion () const override

bool	includePolarization () const

bool	includeThermalDispersion () const

double	indicativeTemperature (const MaterialState *state, const Array &Jv) const override

void	initializeSpecificState (MaterialState *state, double metallicity, double temperature, const Array &params) const override

double	mass () const override

MaterialType	materialType () const override

double	opacityAbs (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const override

double	opacityExt (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const override

double	opacitySca (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const override

void	peeloffScattering (double &I, double &Q, double &U, double &V, double &lambda, Direction bfkobs, Direction bfky, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const override

void	performScattering (double lambda, const MaterialState state, PhotonPacket pp) const override

double	sectionAbs (double lambda) const override

double	sectionExt (double lambda) const override

double	sectionSca (double lambda) const override

vector< StateVariable >	specificStateVariableInfo () const override

Public Member Functions inherited from MaterialMix
virtual double	asymmpar (double lambda) const

virtual Array	emissionSpectrum (const MaterialState *state, const Array &Jv) const

virtual DisjointWavelengthGrid *	emissionWavelengthGrid () const

virtual Array	emissivity (const Array &Jv) const

virtual bool	hasContinuumEmission () const

virtual DynamicStateType	hasDynamicMediumState () const

virtual bool	hasExtraSpecificState () const

virtual bool	hasLineEmission () const

virtual bool	hasNegativeExtinction () const

virtual bool	hasPolarizedAbsorption () const

virtual bool	hasPolarizedEmission () const

virtual bool	hasPolarizedScattering () const

virtual bool	hasResonantScattering () const

virtual bool	hasScatteringDispersion () const

virtual bool	hasStochasticDustEmission () const

virtual double	indicativeTemperature (const MaterialState *state, const Array &Jv) const

virtual void	initializeSpecificState (MaterialState *state, double metallicity, double temperature, const Array &params) const

bool	isDust () const

bool	isElectrons () const

bool	isGas () const

virtual bool	isSpecificStateConverged (int numCells, int numUpdated, int numNotConverged, MaterialState currentAggregate, MaterialState previousAggregate) const

virtual Array	lineEmissionCenters () const

virtual Array	lineEmissionMasses () const

virtual Array	lineEmissionSpectrum (const MaterialState *state, const Array &Jv) const

virtual double	mass () const =0

virtual MaterialType	materialType () const =0

virtual double	opacityAbs (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const =0

virtual double	opacityExt (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const =0

virtual double	opacitySca (double lambda, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const =0

virtual vector< SnapshotParameter >	parameterInfo () const

virtual void	peeloffScattering (double &I, double &Q, double &U, double &V, double &lambda, Direction bfkobs, Direction bfky, const MaterialState state, const PhotonPacket pp) const =0

virtual void	performScattering (double lambda, const MaterialState state, PhotonPacket pp) const =0

virtual double	sectionAbs (double lambda) const =0

virtual double	sectionExt (double lambda) const =0

virtual const Array &	sectionsAbs (double lambda) const

virtual const Array &	sectionsAbspol (double lambda) const

virtual double	sectionSca (double lambda) const =0

virtual vector< StateVariable >	specificStateVariableInfo () const =0

virtual const Array &	thetaGrid () const

virtual UpdateStatus	updateSpecificState (MaterialState *state, const Array &Jv) const

Public Member Functions inherited from SimulationItem
template<class T >
T *	find (bool setup=true) const

template<class T >
T *	interface (int levels=-999999, bool setup=true) const

virtual string	itemName () const

void	setup ()

string	typeAndName () const

Public Member Functions inherited from Item
	Item (const Item &)=delete

virtual	~Item ()

void	addChild (Item *child)

const vector< Item * > &	children () const

virtual void	clearItemListProperty (const PropertyDef *property)

void	destroyChild (Item *child)

virtual bool	getBoolProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual vector< double >	getDoubleListProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual double	getDoubleProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual string	getEnumProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual int	getIntProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual vector< Item * >	getItemListProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual Item *	getItemProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

virtual string	getStringProperty (const PropertyDef *property) const

int	getUtilityProperty (string name) const

virtual void	insertIntoItemListProperty (const PropertyDef property, int index, Item item)

Item &	operator= (const Item &)=delete

Item *	parent () const

virtual void	removeFromItemListProperty (const PropertyDef *property, int index)

virtual void	setBoolProperty (const PropertyDef *property, bool value)

virtual void	setDoubleListProperty (const PropertyDef *property, vector< double > value)

virtual void	setDoubleProperty (const PropertyDef *property, double value)

virtual void	setEnumProperty (const PropertyDef *property, string value)

virtual void	setIntProperty (const PropertyDef *property, int value)

virtual void	setItemProperty (const PropertyDef property, Item item)

virtual void	setStringProperty (const PropertyDef *property, string value)

void	setUtilityProperty (string name, int value)

virtual string	type () const

Protected Member Functions
	ElectronMix ()

void	setupSelfBefore () override

Protected Member Functions inherited from MaterialMix
	MaterialMix ()

Configuration *	config () const

Random *	random () const

void	setupSelfBefore () override

Protected Member Functions inherited from SimulationItem
	SimulationItem ()

virtual bool	offersInterface (const std::type_info &interfaceTypeInfo) const

virtual void	setupSelfAfter ()

virtual void	setupSelfBefore ()

Protected Member Functions inherited from Item
	Item ()

Private Types
using	BaseType = MaterialMix

using	ItemType = ElectronMix

Private Attributes
ComptonPhaseFunction	_cpf

double	_defaultTemperature

DipolePhaseFunction	_dpf

bool	_hasDispersion

bool	_includePolarization

bool	_includeThermalDispersion

Friends
class	ItemRegistry

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from MaterialMix
enum class	DynamicStateType { None , Primary , Secondary , PrimaryIfMergedIterations }

enum class	MaterialType { Dust , Electrons , Gas }

Detailed Description

The ElectronMix class describes the material properties for a population of electrons. Electrons do not absorb photons. They do, however, significantly scatter photons. This process is described by Compton scattering, which converges to Thomson scattering at low photon energies. It is meaningful to implement both processes, because the calculations for Compton scattering are substantially slower than those for Thomson scattering. If requested by the user, polarization by scattering is fully supported in both regimes.

Compton and Thomson scattering

For wavelengths shorter than 10 nm, this class models Compton scattering, which features a wavelength-dependent cross section and phase function, and which causes the photon energy (wavelength) to change during the interaction. This process is implemented through the ComptonPhaseFunction class; see that class for more information.

For wavelengths longer than 10nm, the scattering process can be described by elastic and wavelength-independent Thomson scattering. The scattering cross section is given by the well-known Thomson cross section (a constant) and the phase function is that of a dipole. Consequently, this class calls on the DipolePhaseFunction class to implement Thomson scattering; see that class for more information.

The transition point between Compton and Thomson scattering can be justified as follows. For wavelengths much longer than 10 nm, the expression for the Compton cross section becomes numerically unstable. This could be solved by using a series expansion approximation at longer wavelengths. However, at a wavelength of 10 nm, the Compton cross section has approached the Thomson constant to within less than 0.05 per cent. It thus seems reasonable to transition to the much faster Thomson scattering at that wavelength point.

Thermal dispersion

By default, this class assumes that all electrons are at rest in the local frame (i.e., there is no movement other than the bulk velocity of the spatial cell containing the electrons). If the includeThermalDispersion configuration flag is enabled (and the simulation mode is panchromatic), a random thermal motion corresponding to the local temperature is added when performing a scattering interaction. The dispersion is not taken into account to determine the scattering cross section, because that value does not vary significantly for small wavelength shifts (and it does not vary at all for Thomson scattering).

If the electron mix is associated with an ImportedMedium and the importTemperature flag for the medium is enabled, the local dispersion temperature is obtained from the imported file. Otherwise, the value configured for the defaultTemperature property is used instead, resulting in a constant temperature across space.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ ElectronMix()

ElectronMix::ElectronMix ( )

inlineprotected

Default constructor for concrete Item subclass ElectronMix : "a population of electrons" .

Member Function Documentation

◆ defaultTemperature()

ElectronMix::defaultTemperature ( ) const

inline

This function returns the value of the discoverable double property defaultTemperature : "the default temperature of the electron population" .

This property represents a physical quantity of type "temperature" .

The minimum value for this property is "[3" .

The maximum value for this property is "1e8]" .

The default value for this property is given by the conditional value expression "1e4" .

This property is relevant only if the Boolean expression "Panchromatic&includeThermalDispersion" evaluates to true after replacing the names by true or false depending on their presence.

This property is displayed only if the Boolean expression "Level2" evaluates to true after replacing the names by true or false depending on their presence.

◆ hasPolarizedScattering()

bool ElectronMix::hasPolarizedScattering ( ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the value of the includePolarization flag, indicating whether the material mix supports polarization during scattering events or not.

Reimplemented from MaterialMix.

◆ hasScatteringDispersion()

bool ElectronMix::hasScatteringDispersion ( ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns true when thermal dispersion is enabled and/or support for Compton scattering has been turned on (based on the simulation's wavelength range), indicating that in those cases a scattering interaction for the electron mix may (and usually does) adjust the wavelength of the interacting photon packet. If both thermal dispersion and support for Compton scattering are disabled, the function returns false.

Reimplemented from MaterialMix.

◆ includePolarization()

ElectronMix::includePolarization ( ) const

inline

This function returns the value of the discoverable Boolean property includePolarization : "include support for polarization" .

The default value for this property is given by the conditional value expression "false" .

This property is displayed only if the Boolean expression "Level2" evaluates to true after replacing the names by true or false depending on their presence.

◆ includeThermalDispersion()

ElectronMix::includeThermalDispersion ( ) const

inline

This function returns the value of the discoverable Boolean property includeThermalDispersion : "include thermal velocity dispersion" .

The default value for this property is given by the conditional value expression "false" .

This property is relevant only if the Boolean expression "Panchromatic" evaluates to true after replacing the names by true or false depending on their presence.

This property is displayed only if the Boolean expression "Level2" evaluates to true after replacing the names by true or false depending on their presence.

◆ indicativeTemperature()

double ElectronMix::indicativeTemperature	(	const MaterialState *	state,
		const Array &	Jv
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function returns an indicative temperature of the material mix when it would be embedded in a given radiation field. The implementation in this class ignores the radiation field and returns the temperature driving the thermal velocity dispersion for the medium component in the relevant spatial cell, or zero if thermal velocity dispersion is not enabled for this material mix. Because nothing in the simulation changes the electron temperature, this value corresponds to the temperature defined by the input model at the start of the simulation.

Reimplemented from MaterialMix.

◆ initializeSpecificState()

void ElectronMix::initializeSpecificState	(	MaterialState *	state,
		double	metallicity,
		double	temperature,
		const Array &	params
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function initializes any specific state variables requested by this material mix except for the number density. See the description of the MaterialMix::initializeSpecificState() function for more information.

For this class, in case the electron mix has thermal dispersion, the function initializes the temperature to the specified imported temperature, or if this is not available, to the user-configured default temperature for this electron mix.

Reimplemented from MaterialMix.

◆ mass()

double ElectronMix::mass ( ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the electron mass.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ materialType()

MaterialType ElectronMix::materialType ( ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the fundamental material type represented by this material mix, which is MaterialType::Electrons.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ opacityAbs()

double ElectronMix::opacityAbs	(	double	lambda,
		const MaterialState *	state,
		const PhotonPacket *	pp
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function returns the absorption opacity $k^{abs} = n ς^{abs}$ , which is trivially zero for electrons.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ opacityExt()

double ElectronMix::opacityExt	(	double	lambda,
		const MaterialState *	state,
		const PhotonPacket *	pp
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function returns the extinction opacity $k^{ext} = k^{abs} + k^{sca}$ for the given material state and wavelength. The photon properties are not used because the cross section does not depend on the polarization state of the incoming photon packet.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ opacitySca()

double ElectronMix::opacitySca	(	double	lambda,
		const MaterialState *	state,
		const PhotonPacket *	pp
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function returns the scattering opacity $k^{sca} = n ς^{sca}$ for the given material state and wavelength. The photon properties are not used because the cross section does not depend on the polarization state of the incoming photon packet.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ peeloffScattering()

void ElectronMix::peeloffScattering	(	double &	I,
		double &	Q,
		double &	U,
		double &	V,
		double &	lambda,
		Direction	bfkobs,
		Direction	bfky,
		const MaterialState *	state,
		const PhotonPacket *	pp
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function calculates the contribution of the medium component associated with this electron mix to the peel-off photon luminosity, polarization state, and wavelength shift for the given wavelength, geometry, material state, and photon properties. The contributions to the Stokes vector components are stored in the I, Q, U, V arguments, which are guaranteed to be initialized to zero by the caller. If there is wavelength shift, the new wavelength value replaces the incoming value of the lambda argument.

If includePolarization has been set to true, the function supports polarization; otherwise it does not.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ performScattering()

void ElectronMix::performScattering	(	double	lambda,
		const MaterialState *	state,
		PhotonPacket *	pp
	)		const

overridevirtual

This function performs a scattering event on the specified photon packet in the spatial cell and medium component represented by the specified material state and the receiving electron mix. If includePolarization has been set to true, the function supports polarization; otherwise it does not.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ sectionAbs()

double ElectronMix::sectionAbs ( double lambda ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the absorption cross section per electron $ς_{λ}^{abs}$ , which is trivially zero for all wavelengths $λ$ .

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ sectionExt()

double ElectronMix::sectionExt ( double lambda ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the total extinction cross section per electron $ς_{λ}^{ext} = ς_{λ}^{abs} + ς_{λ}^{sca}$ . Because the absorption cross section is trivially zero, this equals the scattering cross section.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ sectionSca()

double ElectronMix::sectionSca ( double lambda ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns the scattering cross section per electron $ς_{λ}^{sca}$ which varies with the wavelength $λ$ for high energies and converges to the constant Thomson cross section at low energies.

Implements MaterialMix.

◆ setupSelfBefore()

void ElectronMix::setupSelfBefore ( )

overrideprotectedvirtual

This function initializes the DipolePhaseFunction instance held by this class.

Reimplemented from SimulationItem.

◆ specificStateVariableInfo()

vector< StateVariable > ElectronMix::specificStateVariableInfo ( ) const

overridevirtual

This function returns a list of StateVariable objects describing the specific state variables used by the receiving material mix. See the description of the MaterialMix::specificStateVariableInfo() function for more information.

For the electron mix class, the returned list always includes the specific state variable for number density and, in case the electron mix has thermal dispersion, it also includes the specific state variable for temperature.

Implements MaterialMix.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

ElectronMix.hpp

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Private Types

Private Attributes

Friends

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ ElectronMix()

Member Function Documentation

◆ defaultTemperature()

◆ hasPolarizedScattering()

◆ hasScatteringDispersion()

◆ includePolarization()

◆ includeThermalDispersion()

◆ indicativeTemperature()

◆ initializeSpecificState()

◆ mass()

◆ materialType()

◆ opacityAbs()

◆ opacityExt()

◆ opacitySca()

◆ peeloffScattering()

◆ performScattering()

◆ sectionAbs()

◆ sectionExt()

◆ sectionSca()

◆ setupSelfBefore()

◆ specificStateVariableInfo()